The Alejandro Humboldt National Park is considered the epicenter of the biodiversity of Cuba, it is located in the mountains of Nipe-Sagua-Baracoa and includes almost 70% of the protected areas of the Natural Reserve of the Biosphere surrounding the River Toa. An Ecological jewel of the Caribbean, it was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 2001. It covers 700 square kilometers and boasts 2% of the world flora species and some of the most densely vegetated areas of the Cuban archipelago and the Caribbean as a whole and exhibits a big list of endemic flora and fauna.

Named after the eminent German scientist Alexander von Humboldt who visited the island twice in the 1800s, the national park is shared with the provinces of Guantanamo and Holguin at its extremities and extensions. The park's forests are a refuge for many endemic species of resident and migratory birds and the sea has a significant colony of manatees.

This ecosystem is, in view of the visitor, a set of mountains, plateaus, plains, bays, rivers and keys. A very popular trail is the mountain of IBERIA, with a height of 740 meters above sea level, which among other things offers the Spring of the Santa Maria River, an impressive waterfall 25 meters high.